Bladder and bowel changes are far more common in MS than many people realise — and far less openly discussed. There is no need for embarrassment, and there is a great deal that can help.
Bladder symptoms can include needing to go urgently or often, difficulty starting, a feeling of not emptying fully, or getting up repeatedly at night. Bowel symptoms most often involve constipation, and sometimes urgency.
These symptoms can affect confidence, sleep, work and social life — which is exactly why they are worth raising, even though they can feel awkward to bring up.
These are common, manageable symptoms — not something to be ashamed of. The bravest thing you can do is mention them.
What it can feel like
- A sudden, hard-to-hold urge to pass urine
- Going far more often than you used to
- A sense of not having fully emptied
- Broken sleep from night-time trips to the toilet
- Constipation, or bowel habits that feel unpredictable
Why it happens
MS can interrupt the nerve signals travelling between the brain and the bladder or bowel, affecting the timing and coordination of muscles that are normally automatic.
Because it is a signalling problem rather than a problem with the organs themselves, it usually responds well to the right strategies and support.
Left unspoken, these symptoms can quietly shrink daily life — but they very rarely need to.
You are not powerless
What can help
None of this is medical advice — but these are approaches that help many people, and good places to begin a conversation with your MS team.
01
Speak to your team
A continence or MS specialist nurse can transform these symptoms. Asking for a referral is the single most useful step you can take.
02
Bladder strategies
Timed toileting, bladder training, and reviewing when and what you drink can all reduce urgency and improve control.
03
Get the fluids right
Cutting back on drinks too much can actually make things worse. The aim is balance and good hydration, not restriction.
04
Manage constipation
A regular routine, enough fluid and fibre, and staying as active as you can all help keep the bowel working smoothly.
05
Effective treatments exist
From pelvic-floor work to medication and other options, there is a real toolkit here — your team can help you find the right fit.
06
Keep your world open
With the right help, most people manage these symptoms well and carry on doing the things — and going the places — they love.
So many people carry these symptoms in silence. You do not have to. Say the words — help for bladder and bowel changes is genuinely good.
— Living with MS
This page offers general information about MS, not medical advice. Your experience is individual — always discuss your symptoms with your neurologist or MS team, who know your situation best.
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The right support around you makes everyday life feel open and manageable again.